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Windows 10 Home 10.0.19044 Build 19044.
Thunderbird version: 91.11.0 (32-bit)
JAWS Version 2022.2206.9 ILM

Preconditions:
Configure Thunderbird to use Acrobat Reader DC rather than its internal PDF viewer:
In Tools > Preferences > Files and Attachments, for Portable Document Format (PDF) choose Use Adobe Acrobat DC.
inbox contains a message with a file attachment of an untagged PDF document.
JAWS running.
Steps to reproduce:
Open the message.
Open the attached file (Message > Attachments > Open).
Actual: Acrobat Reader appears, JAWS is focused on the document, the JAWS virtual cursor is active and there is no text to read with the virtual cursor. The Reading Untagged Document dialog is not spoken by JAWS.
Expected: the Reading Untagged Document dialog is spoken with focus on the Reading Order combo box.

Note: saving the file and opening it from File Explorer seems to work properly.

Acrobat Reader opens and JAWS is focused on it with the VC active. Inspection with Script Utility Mode (JAWSKey+Windows+NumpadMinus)shows that the dialog appears at the top level (although it is not).
From the initial focus ascend the tree with Shift+F2 to the top level.
Set to speak window class (F3) and tab left encountering:
AVLAVWindow
AVLAVWindow
AcrobatModelessParentWnd Exiting the window tree for the currently active application

32770

Below are node captures (Script Utility Mode ALT+CTL+ENTER) of these last two windows. Note that AcrobatModelessParentWnd has a child window of 0 and prior of AcrobatModelessParentWnd, while #32770 has both parent and next of AcrobatModelessParentWnd.

Node capture for AcrobatModelessParentWnd: {
Handle = 397346 = {61022}
Class = AcrobatModelessParentWnd
Type = Unknown window type
TypeCode = 0
SubtypeCode = 0
ControlID = 0
StyleBits = 0x4c00000
Extended style bits = 0x180
Parent = 0 = {0}
FirstChild = 0 = {0}
Prior = 331862 = {51056}
Next = 1903976 = {1d0d68}
WindowHierarchyX = 128
WindowHierarchyY = 1
WindowRect = (1,1)-(101,101)
controlAttributes = 0
HasTitle = 12582912
WindowDisabled = 0
WindowObscured = 1

WindowVisible = 0

Highlighted text:

All Text Restricted:

All Text Inclusive:

} ; AcrobatModelessParentWnd

32770: {

Handle = 331862 = {51056}
Class = #32770
Type = dialog
TypeCode = 18
SubtypeCode = 18
ControlID = 0
StyleBits = 0x94c80000
Extended style bits = 0x180
Parent = 397346 = {61022}
FirstChild = 790170 = {c0e9a}
Prior = 4132804 = {3f0fc4}
Next = 397346 = {61022}
WindowHierarchyX = 127
WindowHierarchyY = 2
WindowRect = (429,126)-(939,605)
controlAttributes = 0
HasTitle = 12582912
WindowDisabled = 0
WindowObscured = 1

WindowVisible = 1

Highlighted text:

All Text Restricted:

Reading Untagged Document with Assistive Technology

All Text Inclusive:
Reading Untagged Document with Assistive Technology An assistive technology like a screen reader may be running on your machine. This untagged, 2-page
document must be prepared for reading with assistive technology. If you are not using an assistive technology, check the "Do not show this dialog again"
box below. Reading Order Options Reading Order: Infer reading order from document (recommended) Reading Mode Options Read the currently visible pages only
Read the entire document Do not show this dialog again. Use the settings from the Reading Preferences. Start Cancel

} ; #32770

Acrobat Reader Version:
Continuous Release | Version 2022.001.20169 | 64-bit
Version File Version: 22.001.20169.0
| 64-bit
AGM Version 4.030.00119 | 64-bit
CoolType Version 5.017.00013 | 64-bit
Core Version 22.256 | 64-bit
JP2K Version 2.000.00006.50420 | 64-bit

Work-around:
When Reader appears, try to Alt+tab away and back. If this doesn't work,
Activate Touch cursor with Advanced mode on
Arrow up until it says "window"
Arrow left, it says "...reading untagged..."
Arrow down twice, it says "an assistive..."
Arrow right until you reach Start button
Press Space.

Did not try this with advanced mode off, might be easier.

From Generate System Report (opened Reader from Desktop, not from Thunderbird): {
Account Detail:
User Rights: Admin
User Account Control: Limited
Process Integrity: Medium
Profile Type: None
Acrobat Detail:
Sandboxing: Off
Protected View: Off
Captive Reader: No
Multi-Reader on Desktop Support: Off
Applications Installed:
Available Physical Memory: 1415584 KB
Available Virtual Memory: 135286863632 KB
BIOS Version: LENOVO - 1
Default Browser:
Default Mail:
Display Detail:
Screen Width: 1366
Screen Height: 768
Number of Monitors: 1
Number of Mouse Buttons: 2
Has Mouse Wheel: No
Has Pen Windows: No
Double Byte Character Set: No
Has Input Method Editor: Yes
Inside Screen Reader: Yes
Graphics Card: Intel(R) HD Graphics 4600
Version: 20.19.15.4624
Check: Not Supported
Installed Acrobat: C:\Program Files\Adobe\Acrobat DC\Acrobat\Acrobat.exe
Version: 22.1.20169.0
Creation Date: 2022/07/04
Creation Time: 10:34:20 PM
Locale: English (United States)
Monitor:
Name: Freedom Scientific Accessibility Display Driver
Resolution: 1366 x 768 x 0
Bits per pixel: 32
Monitor:
Name: Intel(R) HD Graphics 4600
Resolution: 1366 x 768 x 60
Bits per pixel: 32
OS Manufacturer: Microsoft Corporation
OS Name: Microsoft Windows 10
OS Version: 10.0.19044

Page File Space: 11444504 KB
Processor: Intel64 Family 6 Model 60 Stepping 3 GenuineIntel ~2494 Mhz
Session Detail:
Boot Type: Normal
Is Shutting Down: No
Network: Available
Inside Citrix: No
Inside VMWare: No
Remote Session: No
Remote Control: No
Using JAWS: Yes
Using ZoomText: No
Using Windows-Eyes: No
Using NVDA: No
System Name: GARYSPC
Temporary Directory: C:\Users\Gary\AppData\Local\Temp\
Time Zone: Mountain Standard Time
Total Physical Memory: 6201624 KB
Total Virtual Memory: 137438953344 KB
User Name: Gary
Windows Detail:
Tablet PC: Yes
Starter Edition: No
Media Center Edition: No
Slow Machine: No
Windows Directory: C:\WINDOWS
} ; 1
2 {
C:\Program Files\Adobe\Acrobat DC\Acrobat\plugins\Accessibility.api
Version: 22.1.20169.0
Creation Date: 2022/07/04
Creation Time: 10:34:22 PM
C:\Program Files\Adobe\Acrobat DC\Acrobat\plugins\Annots.api
Version: 22.1.20169.0
Creation Date: 2022/07/04
Creation Time: 10:34:22 PM
C:\Program Files\Adobe\Acrobat DC\Acrobat\plugins\IA32.api
Version: 22.1.20169.0
Creation Date: 2022/07/04
Creation Time: 10:34:22 PM
C:\Program Files\Adobe\Acrobat DC\Acrobat\plugins\Updater.api
Version: 22.1.20169.0
Creation Date: 2022/07/04
Creation Time: 10:34:22 PM
} ; 2

Many high-profile companies offer DaaS Solutions including Citrix, Microsoft Azure Desktop, Amazon Web Services (WorkSpaces), MTM Technologies (AnywhereApp) and VMware (Horizon Cloud). In this post, we run through some of the major benefits of Desktop as a Service or DaaS and why it is becoming so popular among today’s enterprises.
What Is DaaS?
Desktop as a Service (DaaS) is an exciting cloud-based technology that lets businesses deliver virtual desktops to any device from anywhere. Client devices act as a conduit for remote desktop processing without the need for onboard hardware, delivering organisations a host of benefits that simply aren’t possible when operating systems must operate natively.
How Does DaaS Work?
Under a Windows Cloud PC set up, a cloud services provider maintains all of the infrastructure, network resources, and storage required to deliver virtual desktops to end-user devices. Organizations then purchase virtual desktops in the quantities they need. Their fees compensate providers for server running costs, maintenance, and staff wages.
In the past, running graphically or computationally-intensive tasks using DaaS was difficult, for example, graphic design and video editing software can use a lot of resources. Most organizations used the service for basic productivity tasks such as order processing. However, new technology is changing this, allowing more advanced work, such as CAD, to be done over the cloud without the need for local graphics accelerators.
The Benefits of Desktop as a Service
Here are some of the reasons why companies are so enchanted by DaaS:
Increased Productivity
Companies are coming to increasingly accept the productivity advantages of the cloud. 80 percent of professionals report that cloud tools make them more productive. Drivers of productivity include more responsive tools and the ability to seamlessly collaborate with colleagues anywhere in the world.
Greener Operating
DaaS also helps companies achieve their green objectives. Virtual desktops reduce energy requirements, extend PC life and allow for more flexible working. Colleagues no longer have to travel to the office to access business portals. Companies can make tools available to staff on their home computers via the cloud.
Higher Consistency
IT professionals often struggle to achieve consistency across terminals in legacy networks. Keeping all computers at the same point is a challenge given the number of updates and individual PC idiosyncrasies. Workers can sometimes find it challenging to fluidly transition from one endpoint to another, making hot-desking setups impractical.
Azure Virtual Desktop changes this by delivering identical desktop experiences to all users. All backend investments show up as improved desktop experiences immediately, without costly delays or downtime.
Improved Business Continuity
According to estimates from Citrix, DaaS Solutions service providers are expecting the market to grow between 15 and 50 percent over the coming years. Demand, they say, is being driven by the fact that DaaS offers a low-cost backup that is superior to a secondary site. Cloud DaaS providers can simply distribute company data across multiple servers in real-time, negating the need for brands to maintain a separate backup site.
Better Alignment With Business Needs
Companies regularly need to scale their IT networks to accommodate increased business needs. But building a setup that can respond in real-time is notoriously challenging. Successful brands often find themselves over-provisioned, sinking their capital into expensive IT projects.
DaaS resolves this issue by providing the additional capacity firms need virtually. Organizations can set up role-based desktops wherever users can find physical hardware – including their home-based machines.
Enhanced Security
DaaS providers are often keen to plow large sums of money into maintaining security to protect their reputations. A single breach could cause them to hemorrhage dozens of clients. Because of this, security tends to be better on DaaS-based systems.

To know more about Citrix Cloud Cost visit CloudDesktopOnline.

In a recent blog, we outlined the rollout of Windows Azure Virtual Desktop this summer, which is really a repackaging of the original Windows Virtual Desktop. The name change and single-user pricing structures have been the topic of much discussion over the last several weeks, but not many are talking about the benefits of implementing this comprehensive virtualization service at your organization. Consulting with a professional managed services firm can help you to implement Windows 10 Cloud PC and other IT solutions that can help your business become more streamlined and efficient.

With Azure, platform-specific features allow companies to deploy a safer and more productive experience, utilizing integrated security and compliance capabilities. This incude:

Efficiency and Flexibility: Virtual desktop technologies can create structural freedom, and increase workplace flexibility. With Windows Cloud Desktop, a team can gain access to them from any device or location. This flexibility permits employees to function remotely in order to get their work completed, which can lend to a great company culture and high morale. In the case of an emergency or disaster, files are accessible no matter the situation.

Significant Cost Savings: Not only will Azure Virtual Desktop increase operational efficiency, but it can possibly lower expenses in the long run by minimizing desktop management, infrastructure, and support costs. By reducing reliance on expensive desktop computers and software licenses, your overhead will be less costly. Upgrades and necessary maintenance will also be mitigated when centralized rather than over many different pieces of hardware.

Enhanced Security: Virtual desktops are known to provide advanced security, as they remove the risk of hardware being lost, stolen or damaged. Permissions and access can be centrally managed and easily changed. Microsoft spends over $1 billion annually on cyber security R & D, employing more than 3,500 staff security experts 100% dedicated to users’ data security and privacy. Azure also provides additional compliance certifications to guarantee that your virtual desktop has the best security available.

Special Features: Microsoft is not the only manufacturer of virtual desktops, their Virtual Desktop has a few special features that make them different. Microsoft provides the only virtual desktop infrastructure that provides a multi-session Windows 10 desktop experience and allows optimizations for Office 365 Pro Plus. Using Windows Azure Desktop, companies can deploy the platform and appropriately scale for their organization in minutes, as well as smoothly migrate remote desktop services.

To know more about Virtual Workspace Apps visit CloudDesktopOnline.

Acrobat Reader only supports signedData/version 1. Would be preferred to support signedData/version 4 (v2)
so ETSI EN 319 122-1 V1.1.1 (2016-04) support required. (signer-attributes-v2). Support signedData / certificates and Attribute certificate v2.
The signature dictionary shall contain a value of ETSI.CAdES.detached for the key SubFilter. (TS
102 778-3 V1.2.1, 4.2.e)
The ESS signing-certificate attribute or the ESS signing-certificate-v2 attribute as defined in
clause 5.7.3 of CAdES (TS 101 733 [2]) shall be used as a signed attribute. (TS 102 778-3 V1.2.1,
4.4.3)
And display attribute certificate detailed data not only in HEX format in certificate view. If it is an octet string show in string and all detailed data which can be converted to string in an ASN1 seq, to show all the attributes.

The PDF/UA ("tagged PDF") standard was established in 2012 to add accessibility features to the PDF format using a system of tags.

The tags add semantic information to a document, "marking up" such elements as headings, lists, figures, tables and other common document idioms.

PDF/UA also offers a 'read order' feature, which allows content to be presented in a non-visual way which corresponds to the intended sequence.

These features may be created and edited using Acrobat Pro, which is good. although Acrobat Pro is currently unable to generate or accurately assess a fully compliant PDF/UA file without additional 3rd party software.
(The criteria for well-formed PDF/UA is documented by the Matterhorn Protocol. A URL to this spec may be found below. Acrobat's accessibility check does not follow this spec 100%).

The tagging and read-order features should permit 'semantic browsing' of PDF files, so that a visually impaired or dyslexic user can use a screen reader, braille device or other assistive technology to navigate a document.

Using Acrobat's "Read Aloud", a user is obliged to read every single word of every single page just to find content. They are offered no distinction between headings and body text, lists, list items, tables, figures or images even if those tags have been carefully set up by the document author.

With support for browsing via tags, a user would be able to skim quickly to the content they need, just as they already do with well-formed HTML pages in a modern browser.

Unfortunately, Acrobat Reader's accessibility features have not followed up with PDF/UA. There is currently no way to browse a tagged PDF using the tags, and there is very poor or non-existent support for assistive technology such as Apple's VoiceOver, Microsoft's Narrator, or third party ATs such as JAWS or NVDA.

Perhaps worst of all, there are no other PDF viewers on Apple's platform which communicate the PDF/UA tags to Apple's Accessibility API.

When a 'tagged PDF' is viewed in a browser, it does not generate an 'accessibility tree' - the data structure which communicates the semantic structure and content to the host accessibility API. Some of these in-browser PDF viewers come from 3rd parties, but at least one of them is offered by Adobe.

This means that even a well-formed PDF/UA is neither truly portable, nor truly accessible, making it wholly unsuitable for conformance with accessibility legislation such as Section 508.

Furthermore this could have legal consequences for Adobe's customers, who may be led to believe (by Adobe's own marketing materials and accessibility documentation) that "PDF tagging" is a legally viable way to conform to the accessibility guidelines mandated in various jurisdictions, especially including North America and the EU.

Will it take a lawsuit before Adobe acts on this shortcoming? It could be a painful, expensive and time-consuming way to address the problem.

My feature request is this: Adobe Acrobat should communicate the accessibility tags and read order in PDF/UA files to the appropriate accessibility APIs of any host system it runs on.

Until this happens, the accessibility of PDF as a whole may be described as "limited" at best. The "Read Aloud" feature offers a bare minimum of screen reader features - but is a very blunt tool, which offers a very inferior experience to users with visual impairments, dyslexia or similar disabilities.

2020 saw record numbers of accessibility lawsuits in the wake of recent legislation. Adobe should consider the legal risk of the current situation very carefully (especially the legal risk to Adobe's own customers), and perhaps revise its Acrobat marketing and documentation to clarify the shortcomings.

A "reference quality" PDF/UA file may be found at https://www.pdfa.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Matterhorn-Protocol-1-1.pdf ... which happens to be the documentation of the PDF/UA spec itself.

Allowing a person to go through and edit how some text is read aloud, for example equations. Instead of being read literally, letting a person select or highlight the equation and enter in what it means in natural language.

Example: A{p(t), q(t)} is currently read as "A p t q t" when, in the context of the book, it should be "Some function, A, of the momenta and spatial phase space coordinates".

I don't see a way something very context-dependent could be programmed in, so having a way for the reader to manually change how the equation is interpreted and read might work better.