To reproduce:
1. Create a PDF with an embedded version of Bitstream's Charter font included with macOS or OSX.

1. Open the PDF in Acrobat.

Expected result: normal display of the font. The PDF displays normally in Apple's Preview reader.

Observed result: Many glyphs in italic and bold italic will be incomplete (missing terminals), smeared, or the strokes will be too thin. E.g., "B, F, Q, U, a–z, 4, ?," en dash, em dash, etc. Other glyphs may have problems, I have not tested them all.

Tested on macOS Sierra 10.12.6 with Acrobat DC and Reader DC, both version 18.011.20038; with Charter versions 11.0d1e1 (from Yosemite) and 14.0d2e1 (from High Sierra 10.13.4). The bug presumably exists with other versions of the macOS Charter.

PDF generated with Mac OS 10.12.6 Quartz PDFContext, PDF version 1.3 (Acrobat 4.x), from Apple Pages; and from Word 2011 via "save as Adobe PDF", Acrobat PDFMaker 15 for Word, PDF version 1.3 (Acrobat 4.x).

Note that Charter (as a .ttc collection) is made available to users in Mavericks, Yosemite, and Sierra 10.12.0 and 10.12.1, and again in High Sierra 10.13.4.

It is included on the system but hidden from certain apps on other OS versions from El Capitan up through High Sierra 10.13.3. If working on an OS where the file is hidden, instructions for accessing the .ttc can be found here:
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/7827223
http://www.jklstudios.com/misc/osxfonts.html
Some have also reported those steps don't work, and the better solution is to copy the file from a Yosemite (or High Sierra?) installation/installer.

Attached file shows correct rendering of italic and bold italic in Preview (top) and bugged rendering in Acrobat (bottom).